pH Scale by Desiree, Rio, Maede, Mahtab

The pH scale's use is to indicate the acidity or basicity of a solution. The acidity is based on the amount of Hydrogen ions (H+) and the basicity is based on the amount of Hydroxide ions (OH-).

Acids

• taste sour, sharp (ex: Orange)
• Reacts with OH- to form H2O
• Low pH value
• destructive in high amounts
• acidity in the human body: Stomach acid (1), Urine (6), Saliva (6.5)

Bases

• Bitter, slippery (ex: Soap)
• Reacts with H+
• Has a high pH value
• destructive in high amounts
• bases in the human body: Stomach antacids (9), Blood (7.4)
  

From 0 to 7 presents the acids, 7 is neutral (water and tears) while the bases are the number range of 7-14.

Litmus Test

Is used to find out the acidity or the base amount of a solution by means of vegetable dye which changes depending on the amount of Hydrogen or Hydroxide ions.

• Blue to red = acid
• Red to blue = base

A buffer is either a chemical or compound that keeps a constant pH level.

• Example: Our blood has a pH value of 7.4, and hemoglobin and bicarbonate ions acts as a buffer in human blood.